Choose the correct option:
Farmers suicide can be linked to ‘agrarian distress' caused by structural changes in agriculture. These include:
A. Liberalization policies
B. Declining State Support
C. High Cost inputs
D. Community involvement increased in agricultural operations
E. Changing Crop pattern
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → A, B, C, E
A. Liberalization policies Correct. Liberalisation policies have exposed Indian agriculture to the forces of globalisation, and farmers now face world prices and competition.
B. Declining State Support Correct. There has been a decline in state support for agriculture, and the State has withdrawn from agricultural extension work, which multinational seed and fertiliser companies have taken over.
C. High Cost inputs Correct. Heavy dependence on high-cost inputs pushes farmers into debt that a bad crop cannot repay.
D. Community involvement increased in agricultural operations Incorrect. The change was the opposite: one of the causes of the distress is the individualisation of agricultural operations, so each farmer bears the risk alone.
E. Changing Crop pattern Correct. Changing cropping patterns, especially the shift to cash crops, are one of the structural changes behind the distress.
NCERT: Social Change and Development in India — Chapter 4: Change and Development in Rural Society, Box 4.3 (2025-26)
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