In the 4th century BCE, the capital of Magadha was shifted to ________.

Pataliputra

The correct answer is Option 3- Pataliputra

In the 4th century BCE, the capital of Magadha was shifted to Pataliputra.

Pataliputra was located at the confluence of the Ganges and Son rivers, which made it a strategically important location. It was also a major center of trade and commerce.

The capital of Magadha was shifted to Pataliputra by King Udayin, who ruled from 460 to 440 BCE. Udayin was the son of Ajatashatru, who had conquered much of northern India and expanded the Magadhan empire. Udayin is credited with making Pataliputra a great city and with laying the foundation for the Maurya Empire, which would later be established by his great-grandson Chandragupta Maurya.

Pataliputra remained the capital of Magadha and of the Maurya Empire until the 3rd century BCE. It was also the capital of the Gupta Empire in the 4th and 5th centuries CE. Pataliputra was a major center of power and culture for over a thousand years.