In the temple architecture of Hampi, the term ‘royal-gateway’ is also…

The correct answer is Option (2) → Raya Gopurams

Option (1) Raya Mandapas — Incorrect. Mandapas are the pavilions of the temple complex, another distinctive feature along with the long pillared corridors around the shrines. A mandapa is a hall, not a gateway.

Option (2) Raya Gopurams — Correct. The raya gopurams or royal gateways often dwarfed the towers on the central shrines and signalled the presence of the temple from a great distance. They also reminded people of the power of the kings who could build them.

Option (3) Raya Kalyanas — Incorrect. The temples had kalyana mandapas, halls meant to celebrate divine weddings; ‘kalyana’ does not name a gateway.

Option (4) Raya Nayakas — Incorrect. Nayakas were military chiefs, whose rebellions troubled the successors of Krishnadeva Raya. They were people, not a part of temple architecture.