Match List-I with List-II.
| List-I | List-II |
| (A) Totipotency | (I) Hybrid plants grown from fused protoplasts of two different varieties of plants |
| (B) Explant | (II) Capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell |
| (C) Somaclones | (III) Plants genetically identical to the original plant from which they were grown |
| (D) Somatic hybrids | (IV) Any part of a plant taken out and grown in a test tube under sterile conditions |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
Plant tissue culture rests on the fact that a single plant cell or a small piece of a plant can grow back into a full plant. The four terms in List-I are the basic words of this method.
(A) Totipotency — this matches (II) Capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell. It is the property of a plant cell or explant that makes tissue culture possible.
(B) Explant — this matches (IV) Any part of a plant taken out and grown in a test tube under sterile conditions. It is the starting material, grown in a special nutrient medium.
(C) Somaclones — this matches (III) Plants genetically identical to the original plant from which they were grown. Plants raised by micro-propagation from one parent all have the same genetic make-up.
(D) Somatic hybrids — this matches (I) Hybrid plants grown from fused protoplasts of two different varieties of plants. The cell walls are digested, the naked protoplasts of two varieties are fused and the hybrid protoplast is grown into a new plant, as in the pomato.
NCERT Extract:
Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture – “… It was learnt by scientists, during 1950s, that whole plants could be regenerated from explants, i.e., any part of a plant taken out and grown in a test tube, under sterile conditions in special nutrient media. This capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell/explant is called totipotency. … This method of producing thousands of plants through tissue culture is called micro-propagation. Each of these plants will be genetically identical to the original plant from which they were grown, i.e., they are somaclones.”
Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture – “… Isolated protoplasts from two different varieties of plants – each having a desirable character – can be fused to get hybrid protoplasts, which can be further grown to form a new plant. These hybrids are called somatic hybrids while the process is called somatic hybridisation.”