Which of the following approach was initially proposed by International Labour Organization?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Basic Need Approach
Option (1) Income Approach — Incorrect. One of the oldest approaches; it links human development to income, taking the level of income to show the level of freedom a person enjoys.
Option (2) Capability Approach — Incorrect. It is associated with Prof. Amartya Sen: building human capabilities in health, education and access to resources is the key to human development.
Option (3) Welfare Approach — Incorrect. It treats people as beneficiaries of development and asks the government to spend more on education, health and amenities.
Option (4) Basic Need Approach — Correct. It was initially proposed by the International Labour Organisation (ILO). It identified six basic needs — health, education, food, water supply, sanitation and housing — and left out the question of human choices.
Note: This question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2024 on 17-05-2024 (Slot 1, same), in CUET (UG) 2023 on 20-06-2023 (Slot 1, same), 18-06-2023 (Slot 3, similar), 13-06-2023 (Slot 1, similar), 08-06-2023 (Slot 3, similar) and 05-06-2023 (Slot 1, same), and in CUET (UG) 2022 on 16-07-2022 (Slot 1, same).
NCERT: Fundamentals of Human Geography — Chapter 3: Human Development, Table 3.1: Approaches to Human Development (2025-26)
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