Match List-I with List-II.
| List-I | List-II |
| (A) Isotonic solution | (i) A solution whose osmotic pressure is less than that of another solution |
| (B) Hypotonic solution | (ii) A solution having the same osmotic pressure at a given temperature as that of another solution |
| (C) Hypertonic solution | (iii) A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at the same temperature and pressure |
| (D) Saturated solution | (iv) A solution whose osmotic pressure is more than that of another solution |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (A)-(ii), (B)-(i), (C)-(iv), (D)-(iii)
For a dilute solution the osmotic pressure is \( \Pi=CRT \), so at a given temperature the more concentrated solution has the higher osmotic pressure. Isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic compare the osmotic pressure of one solution with that of another.
(A) Isotonic solution — This matches (ii) A solution having the same osmotic pressure at a given temperature as that of another solution. Equal concentration of solute particles gives equal \( \Pi \).
(B) Hypotonic solution — This matches (i) A solution whose osmotic pressure is less than that of another solution. It is the less concentrated one, so its \( \Pi \) is lower.
(C) Hypertonic solution — This matches (iv) A solution whose osmotic pressure is more than that of another solution. It is the more concentrated one, so its \( \Pi \) is higher.
(D) Saturated solution — This matches (iii) A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at the same temperature and pressure.
NCERT (2026-27 edition):
1.6.4 Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure – “… For dilute solutions, it has been found experimentally that osmotic pressure is proportional to the molarity, C of the solution at a given temperature T. Thus:
\( \displaystyle \Pi=C\,R\,T \qquad (1.39) \)”
1.6.4 Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure – “Two solutions having same osmotic pressure at a given temperature are called isotonic solutions. … On the other hand, if we place the cells in a solution containing more than 0.9% (mass/volume) sodium chloride, water will flow out of the cells and they would shrink. Such a solution is called hypertonic. If the salt concentration is less than 0.9% (mass/volume), the solution is said to be hypotonic.”
1.3.1 Solubility of a Solid in a Liquid – “… Such a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at the same temperature and pressure is called a saturated solution.”