In a large village of western Uttar Pradesh in 1857, prosperous Jat cultivators complain that the land revenue demand is high and its collection inflexible, and that their land is passing to outsiders. A man of their clan moves at night from village to village, gathering the headmen and cultivators of the area. His followers break the bridge over the river, dig up metalled roads and send supplies to the sepoys in Delhi. He then takes over an English officer's bungalow and begins to settle disputes there.
How did the people of the area come to regard this leader?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → He was acknowledged as their Raja
Option (1) He was elected leader by a mutinous Native Infantry — Incorrect. The mutinous 22 Native Infantry elected Ahmadullah Shah as their leader. Shah Mal drew his support from the headmen and cultivators of his clan.
Option (2) He was seen as an inspired prophet with magical powers — Incorrect. Many people saw Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah as an inspired prophet with magical powers. Shah Mal's standing came from his clan ties and his work as a local ruler.
Option (3) He was hailed as the heir of the deposed Nawab — Incorrect. Birjis Qadr, son of the deposed Nawab Wajid Ali Shah, was made leader in Lucknow. Shah Mal belonged to a clan of Jat cultivators, with no claim to a Nawab's throne.
Option (4) He was acknowledged as their Raja — Correct. Shah Mal was locally acknowledged as the Raja. Like a ruler, he turned an English officer's bungalow into a hall of justice and settled disputes.
NCERT (2026-27): “Two rebels of 1857 … |