Read the passage and answer the questions:
Siddhartha was the son of a chief of the Sakya clan. He had a sheltered upbringing within the palace. His first journey into the world outside was traumatic. When he saw an old man, a sick man and a corpse he realised that the decay and destruction of the human body was inevitable. He left the palace and set out in search of his own truth. After many attempts he finally attained enlightenment, and came to be known as Buddha. He taught dhamma or the path of righteous living. Sutta Pitaka mainly focuses on the teachings of the Buddha. According to Buddhist philosophy, the world is transient (anicca) and constantly changing; it is also soulless (anatta) as there is nothing permanent or eternal in it. Within this transient world, sorrow (dukkha) is intrinsic to human existence. The Buddha emphasised individual agency and righteous action as the means to escape from the cycle of rebirth and attain self realisation and nibbana.
Which one of the following texts mainly consists of teachings of the Buddha?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Sutta Pitaka
The Buddha’s teachings were included in the Sutta Pitaka, one of the three ‘baskets’ of texts of the Tipitaka.
NCERT: Themes in Indian History Part I — Chapter 4: Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings (2026-27)
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