Which of the following statement(s) is correct regarding the Green Revolution?

All of the above.

The correct answer is Option (4) – All of the above.

The Green Revolution, a period of significant agricultural advancements during the mid-20th century, indeed succeeded in tripling the food supply, which was a remarkable achievement. However, despite this substantial increase in food production, it was not sufficient to adequately feed the growing global human population, which continued to expand rapidly.

The increased yields during the Green Revolution were a result of several factors. Improved crop varieties played a role in enhancing productivity by possessing desirable traits, such as disease resistance, high-yield potential, and improved adaptation to specific environments. These improved crop varieties were developed through conventional breeding methods, selecting and crossing plants with desirable characteristics over generations.

Nonetheless, the primary drivers behind the dramatic yield increases were the adoption of better management practices and the use of agrochemicals, which include synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Agrochemicals helped provide essential nutrients to crops, increasing their growth rates and productivity. Pesticides were instrumental in protecting crops from pests, diseases, and weeds, reducing crop losses and enhancing overall yields.

However, for farmers in the developing world, there have been challenges related to the adoption of agrochemicals. The cost of agrochemicals can be prohibitive for many small-scale farmers, making it difficult for them to afford and use these inputs. Additionally, the overreliance on agrochemicals can lead to environmental concerns, such as soil degradation, water pollution, and negative impacts on biodiversity.