The steps of DNA fingerprinting are given below. Arrange them in a co…

The correct answer is Option (3) → (C), (A), (E), (B), (D)

(C) Isolation and digestion of DNA — first. DNA is taken out and cut by restriction enzymes.

(A) Separation of DNA fragments by electrophoresis — second. The fragments are separated by size in a gel.

(E) Transferring of separated DNA fragments to synthetic membranes — third. This blotting moves them to a nitrocellulose or nylon membrane.

(B) Hybridisation using labelled VNTR probe — fourth. The probe binds only to matching VNTR sequences.

(D) Detection of hybridised DNA fragments by autoradiography — last. The bound probe shows up as a pattern of bands, the DNA fingerprint.

Note: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2026 on 29-05-2026 (Slot 2) and on 29-05-2026 (Slot 1).

NCERT Extract:
DNA Fingerprinting – “… The technique, as used earlier, involved Southern blot hybridisation using radiolabelled VNTR as a probe. It included
(i) isolation of DNA,
(ii) digestion of DNA by restriction endonucleases, (iii) separation of DNA fragments by electrophoresis,
(iv) transferring (blotting) of separated DNA fragments to synthetic membranes, such as nitrocellulose or nylon,
(v) hybridisation using labelled VNTR probe, and
(vi) detection of hybridised DNA fragments by autoradiography.”