The steps of DNA fingerprinting are given below. Arrange them in a correct sequence.

(A) Separation of DNA fragments by electrophoresis

(B) Hybridisation using labelled VNTR probe

(C) Isolation and digestion of DNA

(D) Detection of hybridised DNA fragments by autoradiography

(E) Transferring of separated DNA fragments to synthetic membranes

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(C), (A), (E), (B), (D)

The correct answer is Option (3) - (C), (A), (E), (B), (D)

DNA fingerprinting is based on sequence polymorphisms which are minor sequence differences (mostly single base-pair changes) between individuals.The technique of DNA Fingerprinting was initially developed by Alec Jeffreys. He used a satellite DNA as probe that shows very high degree of polymorphism. It was called as Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR). The technique, as used earlier, involved Southern blot hybridisation using radiolabelled VNTR as a probe. It included

(i) isolation of DNA,

(ii) digestion of DNA by restriction endonucleases,

(iii) separation of DNA fragments by electrophoresis,

(iv) transferring (blotting) of separated DNA fragments to synthetic membranes, such as nitrocellulose or nylon,

(v) hybridisation using labelled VNTR probe, and

(vi) detection of hybridised DNA fragments by autoradiography