It a capacitor is connected in an ac circuit, what is the phase relationship between current and potential difference applied across the capacitor?

The current leads the potential difference by $\pi / 2$

The correct answer is Option (1) → The current leads the potential difference by $\pi / 2$

In mathematical terms, if the voltage across the capacitor is $V(t)=V_0\sin(ωt)$, the current through the capacitor $(I_t)=I_0\sin(ωt)=I_0\cos(ωt)$

∴ Current leads the voltage by 90° or $\pi / 2$.