Match the situations in List-I with the processes in List-II.List-ILi…

Match the situations in List-I with the processes in List-II.

List-I	List-II
(A) After talking with like-minded friends, Meena hears new points against plastic bags and becomes more firmly against them.	(I) Bandwagon effect
(B) Seeing that most people in his housing society back a plastic ban, Rohan feels his view has public support and holds it more firmly.	(II) Contributions will not be evaluated on individual basis
(C) Kavya starts seeing a pro-ban online group as her own people, goes along with it, and her view hardens.	(III) Hearing newer arguments favouring one's viewpoint
(D) In a group signature drive, Arjun collects fewer signatures because only the group's total will be reported.	(IV) Perceiving like-minded people as ingroup and showing conformity

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 3

The correct answer is Option (3) → A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

List-I	List-II	Reason
(A) After talking with like-minded friends, Meena hears new points against plastic bags and becomes more firmly against them.	(III) Hearing newer arguments favouring one's viewpoint	Meena gets fresh arguments from like-minded friends, and these new points make her view stronger.
(B) Seeing that most people in his housing society back a plastic ban, Rohan feels his view has public support and holds it more firmly.	(I) Bandwagon effect	Rohan's view grows firmer because he feels the public stands behind it; this is the bandwagon effect.
(C) Kavya starts seeing a pro-ban online group as her own people, goes along with it, and her view hardens.	(IV) Perceiving like-minded people as ingroup and showing conformity	Kavya sees the group as her ingroup, conforms to it, and so her view is strengthened.
(D) In a group signature drive, Arjun collects fewer signatures because only the group's total will be reported.	(II) Contributions will not be evaluated on individual basis	Arjun relaxes because his own effort will not be judged separately; this is a cause of social loafing, not of polarisation.

NCERT (2026-27): “Social Loafing …
Why does social loafing occur? The explanations offered are:”

“• Group members feel less responsible for the overall task being performed and therefore exert less effort.”

“• Motivation of members decreases because they realise that their contributions will not be evaluated on individual basis.”

“• In the company of like-minded people, you are likely to hear newer arguments favouring your viewpoints. This will make you more favourable towards capital punishment.”

“• When you find others also favouring capital punishment, you feel that this view is validated by the public. This is a sort of bandwagon effect.”

“• When you find people having similar views, you are likely to perceive them as ingroup. You start identifying with the group, begin showing conformity, and as a consequence your views become strengthened.”