The structures present in human sperm are-
(A). Nucleus
(B). Zona pellucida
(C). Acrosome
(D). Mitochondria
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (A), (C) and (D) only
(A) Nucleus Correct. The sperm head carries a haploid nucleus. It brings the father’s set of 23 chromosomes to the ovum.
(B) Zona pellucida Incorrect. The zona pellucida is a layer around the secondary oocyte, not a part of the sperm. The sperm must pass through it to fertilise the ovum.
(C) Acrosome Correct. The acrosome is the cap on the front of the sperm head. Its enzymes help the sperm enter the ovum.
(D) Mitochondria Correct. Many mitochondria lie in the middle piece. They give the energy that drives the tail.
NCERT Extract:
Gametogenesis – “… Let us examine the structure of a sperm. It is a microscopic structure composed of a head, neck, a middle piece and a tail (Figure 2.6). A plasma membrane envelops the whole body of sperm. The sperm head contains an elongated haploid nucleus, the anterior portion of which is covered by a cap-like structure, acrosome. The acrosome is filled with enzymes that help fertilisation of the ovum. The middle piece possesses numerous mitochondria, which produce energy for the movement of tail that facilitate sperm motility essential for fertilisation.”
Figure 2.6 Structure of a sperm