Read the passage carefully and answer the Questions.

Alcohols and phenols are obtained when a hydrogen atom in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons respectively, is replaced by - OH group. These compounds find wide applications in industry as well as in our daily life. You may notice that ordinary spirit is used for polishing wooden furniture which is chiefly a compound containing hydroxyl group. An alcohol contains one or more hydroxyl (OH) group(s) directly attached to carbon atom(s), of an aliphatic system ($CH_3OH$) while a phenol contains -OH group(s) directly attached to carbon atom(s) of an aromatic system ($C_6H_5OH$). Alcohols are prepared by the hydration of alkenes, fermentation of glucose, and reduction of carbonyl compounds. Alcohols produce alkenes upon dehydration whereas alkenes on acid catalyzed hydration convert into alcohols.

Product of the following reaction is

The correct answer is Option (2) → **

The reaction shows Ethanol ($CH_3CH_2OH$) undergoing dehydration using concentrated sulfuric acid ($H_2SO_4$) at 443 K.

The Real Product: Ethene ($H_2C = CH_2$)

In this specific reaction, the sulfuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent. It removes one molecule of water ($H_2O$) from the ethanol molecule.

How it works: An -OH group is removed from one carbon atom, and a hydrogen atom (-H) is removed from the adjacent carbon atom.

The Result: A double bond forms between the two carbon atoms, creating Ethene.

The chemical equation is: