The correct answer is Option (4)- Diphtheria

Diphtheria is the disease caused by bacteria. The bacterium responsible for diphtheria is Corynebacterium diphtheriae. This bacterium infects the respiratory system, primarily the throat and tonsils, leading to the formation of a thick, grayish coating called a pseudomembrane. Diphtheria can result in serious complications, including difficulty breathing and heart damage, if left untreated. It is preventable through vaccination with the diphtheria toxoid vaccine.