The Indian Parliament has cleared which of the following, taking into…

The correct answer is Option (2) → The second amendment of the Indian Patents Bill

Companies have been granted patents on products and processes based on the biological resources and traditional knowledge of other countries, Basmati rice being one example. To guard against such unauthorised use, some nations are making laws. In India, Parliament cleared the second amendment of the Indian Patents Bill, which takes these issues into consideration, including patent terms, emergency provisions and research and development initiatives.

Option (1) The Biopiracy Prevention Bill — Incorrect. No Biopiracy Prevention Bill is named in the book. Biopiracy is the problem the patent law amendment deals with.

Option (2) The second amendment of the Indian Patents Bill — Correct. The second amendment of the Indian Patents Bill, cleared by the Indian Parliament, takes such issues into consideration.

Option (3) The Genetic Engineering Approval Bill — Incorrect. GEAC, the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee, was set up by the Indian Government to decide on GM research and safety. It is a committee, not a bill on patents.

Option (4) The Traditional Knowledge Bill — Incorrect. No Traditional Knowledge Bill is mentioned in the book. The measure named is the amendment of the Patents Bill.

NCERT Extract:
Ethical Issues – “… There has been growing realisation of the injustice, inadequate compensation, and benefit sharing between developed and developing countries. Therefore, some nations are developing laws to prevent such unauthorised exploitation of their bio-resources and traditional knowledge. The Indian Parliament has recently cleared the second amendment of the Indian Patents Bill, that takes such issues into consideration, including patent terms of emergency provisions, research, and development initiatives.”