What were the two pivotal developments around 1986 that shaped the BJP's transformation into a 'Hindutva' party?
1) The implementation of economic reforms and electoral victories.
2) The Shah Bano case and the Ram Janmabhoomi movement.
3) The establishment of regional political parties and foreign policy changes.
4) The adoption of 'Gandhian Socialism' and women's empowerment initiatives.

Choose the correct answer from the given options:

2

Two significant occurrences around 1986 assumed central importance within the BJP's political landscape as it transitioned into a 'Hindutva' party. The first pivotal event was the Shah Bano case of 1985. In this case, a 62-year-old divorced Muslim woman filed a maintenance claim against her former husband. The Supreme Court ruled in her favor. This judgment was perceived as an intrusion into Muslim Personal Law by orthodox Muslims. Following the demand of certain Muslim leaders, the government introduced the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986, which effectively nullified the Supreme Court's verdict.

The second significant event unfolded with a ruling issued by the Faizabad district court in February of 1986. This verdict declared that the premises of the Babri Masjid should be unsealed, allowing Hindus to conduct prayers at a location they regarded as a temple. An enduring dispute had persisted for numerous decades, revolving around a structure called the Babri Masjid situated in Ayodhya.