Match the concepts in List I with their explanation in List II.
| LIST-I (Concept) | LIST-II (Explanation) | ||
| A. | Dual Citizenship | I. | Aggressive chauvinism based on religious identity |
| B. | Finance Commission | II. | Simultaneous citizens of two states |
| C. | Communalism | III. | Form of governance |
| D. | Democracy | IV. | Set up every 10 years to decide on sharing tax revenues between centre and states |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
A. Dual Citizenship — this matches II. Simultaneous citizens of two states. ‘Dual citizenship’ laws allow citizens of one state to be simultaneously citizens of another state, as Jewish Americans may be citizens of both Israel and the USA.
B. Finance Commission — this matches IV. Set up every 10 years to decide on sharing tax revenues between centre and states. The Finance Commission is one of the periodic commissions that decide Centre-State relations; it decides on the sharing of tax revenues between the Centre and the States.
C. Communalism — this matches I. Aggressive chauvinism based on religious identity. In everyday language communalism means aggressive chauvinism based on religious identity, an attitude that sees one’s own religious group as the only worthy one and the others as inferior and opposed.
D. Democracy — this matches III. Form of governance. Democracy is a form of government in which the people have a voice and those in power are accountable to them, the opposite of an authoritarian state.
Note: The pre-rationalised NCERT, which NTA followed in 2023, and the 2023-24 NCERT say the Finance Commission is ‘set up every ten years’; the NCERT book (2025-26) says it is ‘set up every five years’. The paper follows the older books, and the match is the same either way: (B) pairs with (IV).
NCERT (2025-26): “6.1 The Importance of Community Identity … A different example is provided by ‘dual citizenship’ laws. These laws allow citizens of a particular state to also – simultaneously – be citizens of another state. Thus, to cite one instance, Jewish Americans may be citizens of Israel as well as the USA; they can even serve in the armed forces of one country without losing their citizenship…” “…In addition there are periodic committees and commissions that decide on Centre-State relations. An example is the Finance Commission which is set up every five years to decide on sharing of tax revenues between Centre and States.…” “Communalism … In everyday language, the word ‘communalism’ refers to aggressive chauvinism based on religious identity. Chauvinism itself is an attitude that sees one’s own group as the only legitimate or worthy group, with other groups being seen – by definition – as inferior, illegitimate and opposed. Thus, to simplify further, communalism is an aggressive political ideology linked to religion.…” “…An authoritarian state is the opposite of a democratic state. It is a state in which the people have no voice and those in power are not accountable to anyone.…” NCERT (Pre-rationalised): “…An example is the Finance Commission which is set up every ten years to decide on sharing of tax revenues between Centre and States.…” |