Read the passage carefully and answer the questions.

Electrochemistry is the study involving two types of processes. One type involves the production of electricity from the energy released during a spontaneous chemical reaction. Galvanic cells like Daniel cells are used to produce electricity from the redox reaction. Nernst equation of a galvanic cell gives the relation between the standard cell potential and the concentration of the species involved in the redox reaction. The second type of study involves the cells in which electrical energy is used to bring about the chemical reactions in a non-spontaneous process. The conductance of electrolytic solution depends on many factors including the nature of the electrolyte and the dimensions of the electrolytic cell.

Faraday's laws of electrolysis are related to:

Equivalent mass of electrolyte

The correct answer is Option (2) → Equivalent mass of electrolyte

Core Concept: Faraday's Laws

Faraday's laws state that the mass of substance deposited or liberated at an electrode is:

$m \propto Q \quad \text{and} \quad m = \frac{E \times Q}{F}$

where

• $E$ = equivalent mass
• $Q$ = charge passed
• $F$ = Faraday constant

So the laws depend directly on equivalent mass, not atomic number or ion speed.

Faraday's First and Second Laws describe the relationship between the amount of electricity passed through an electrolytic solution and the amount of substance produced at the electrodes.

1. Faraday's First Law: States that the mass (m) of a substance deposited or liberated is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity (Q) passed.

2. Faraday's Second Law: States that when the same quantity of electricity is passed through different electrolytes, the masses of the substances produced are proportional to their chemical equivalent masses.