Read the following passage and answer the following questions.
The First Nuclear explosion was undertaken by India in 1974. Our first PM had always put faith in science and technology for rapidly building a modern India. A significant component of India's industrialisation plans was the nuclear programme initiated in the late 1940s under the guidance of Homi J. Bhabha.
When Communist China conducted a nuclear test in 1964 the permanent members of the UN Security Council tried to impose the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968. India always considered the NPT as discriminatory and had refused to sign it, and also further refused to sign the CTBT.
When India conducted its first nuclear test, it was termed as peaceful explosion. Later India conducted a series of tests, Pakistan soon followed. India's Nuclear doctrine of credible minimum nuclear deterrence professes "No first use".
The five Permanent members of the UN Security Council are:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → US, USSR, UK, France and China
The five nuclear weapon powers — the US, USSR, UK, France and China — were also the five Permanent Members of the UN Security Council; today Russia holds the seat of the USSR.
NCERT (2026-27): “India’s nuclear policy … When Communist China conducted nuclear tests in October 1964, the five nuclear weapon powers, the US, USSR, UK, France, and China (Taiwan then represented China) – also the five Permanent Members of the UN Security Council – tried to impose the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968 on the rest of the world. India always considered the NPT as discriminatory and had refused to sign it.… Evolution of the UN … In the UN Security Council, there are five permanent members. These are: the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France and China. These states were selected as permanent members as they were the most powerful immediately after the Second World War and because they constituted the victors in the War.…” |