Groups that are small, disadvantaged and bound by a sense of togetherness exist in every nation-state. Even in countries like Iceland, Sweden or South Korea, which forces have brought in a plurality of such groups?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Modern capitalism, colonialism and large scale migration
Option (1) Nationalism, colonialism and religious conversion — Incorrect. Nationalism stresses one shared national identity. Religious conversion changes the faith of people already living there. Of the three, only colonialism brings new groups in.
Option (2) Modern capitalism, secularisation and democratisation — Incorrect. Secularisation and democratisation change the place of religion and the spread of political rights. Of the three, only modern capitalism brings new groups in.
Option (3) Nationalism, secularisation and large scale migration — Incorrect. Nationalism and secularisation leave the mix of groups unchanged. Of the three, only large scale migration brings new groups in.
Option (4) Modern capitalism, colonialism and large scale migration — Correct. Even nearly uniform countries like Iceland, Sweden or South Korea now hold many groups. Modern capitalism, colonialism and large scale migration brought people of other cultures into them.
NCERT (2026-27): “Minority Rights and Nation Building … |