Match List-I (situation) with List-II (term):
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (A) A graduate applies to many offices for a job but gets none | (I) Casualisation of workforce |
| (B) Seven members of a family work on a farm that needs only four | (II) Seasonal unemployment |
| (C) A farm worker has no work in the village in the months after harvest | (III) Open unemployment |
| (D) A permanent mill worker loses his job and becomes a daily wage labourer | (IV) Disguised unemployment |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
Each situation shows one way people lack proper work. Ask whether the person gets no job, is not needed, has no work in some months, or moves to casual work.
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) A graduate applies to many offices for a job but gets none | (III) Open unemployment | He seeks work and finds none. This is open unemployment. |
| (B) Seven members of a family work on a farm that needs only four | (IV) Disguised unemployment | The farm needs only four, but seven work on it. The extra three are in disguised unemployment. |
| (C) A farm worker has no work in the village in the months after harvest | (II) Seasonal unemployment | Farm work is seasonal, so some months have no work. |
| (D) A permanent mill worker loses his job and becomes a daily wage labourer | (I) Casualisation of workforce | He moves from regular salaried work to casual wage work. |
NCERT (2026-27): “6.8 Unemployment You might have seen people looking for jobs in newspapers. Some look for a job through friends and relatives. In many cities, you might find people standing in some select areas looking for people to employ them for that day’s work. …” “… The situation described in the first paragraph of this section is called open unemployment. … Suppose a farmer has four acres of land and he actually needs only two workers and himself to carry out various operations on his farm in a year, but if he employs five workers and his family members such as his wife and children, this situation is known as disguised unemployment. … You may have noticed that many people migrate to an urban area, pick up a job and stay there for some time, but come back to their home villages as soon as the rainy season begins. … This is because work in agriculture is seasonal; there are no employment opportunities in the village for all months in the year. When there is no work to do on farms, people go to urban areas and look for jobs. This kind of unemployment is known as seasonal unemployment. …” “6.6 Growth and Changing Structure of Employment … Scholars call the process of moving from self-employment and regular salaried employment to casual wage work as casualisation of workforce. This makes the workers highly vulnerable. …” |