Match List-I with List-II
| List-I | List-II |
| (Steps in controlling process) | (Explanation) |
| (A) Measurement of actual performance | (I) Personal observation, sample checking, performance reports, etc. are techniques |
| (B) Comparing actual performance with standards | (II) It will reveal the deviation between actual and desired results. |
| (C) Setting performance standards | (III) When the deviations go beyond the acceptable range, especially in important areas, it demands immediate managerial attention. |
| (D) Taking corrective action | (IV) They serve as benchmarks towards which an organization strives to work. |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
(A) Measurement of actual performance — this matches (I) Personal observation, sample checking, performance reports, etc. are techniques. To measure what has actually been done, the manager needs a method of collecting facts about the work. Watching the work, checking a sample of the output and reading performance reports are such methods.
(B) Comparing actual performance with standards — this matches (II) It will reveal the deviation between actual and desired results. When the actual result is placed beside the standard, the gap between the two, called the deviation, comes to light.
(C) Setting performance standards — this matches (IV) They serve as benchmarks towards which an organization strives to work. Standards are the targets fixed in advance, such as units to be produced or cost per unit. Every later step measures work against them, so they are the first step of controlling.
(D) Taking corrective action — this matches (III) When the deviations go beyond the acceptable range, especially in important areas, it demands immediate managerial attention. Small deviations within the allowed limit are ignored. Only a deviation beyond that range, in a key area, calls for action to bring the work back on track.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Step 1: Setting Performance Standards: The first step in the controlling process is setting up of performance standards. Standards are the criteria against which actual performance would be measured. Thus, standards serve as benchmarks towards which an organisation strives to work.” “Step 2: Measurement of Actual Performance: Once performance standards are set, the next step is measurement of actual performance. Performance should be measured in an objective and reliable manner. There are several techniques for measurement of performance. These include personal observation, sample checking, performance reports, etc. …” “Step 3: Comparing Actual Performance with Standards: This step involves comparison of actual performance with the standard. Such comparison will reveal the deviation between actual and desired results. …” “Step 5: Taking Corrective Action: The final step in the controlling process is taking corrective action. No corrective action is required when the deviations are within acceptable limits. …” |