Choose the appropriate option to complete the following sentence:-
Nations which have ____ programmes of economic development often run into unsuspecting barriers which threaten and often delay their projects.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → initiated
Complete sentence: Nations which have initiated programmes of economic development often run into unsuspecting barriers which threaten and often delay their projects. Nations that have started programmes of development later run into barriers that delay their projects, so "have initiated programmes" fits both the meaning and the grammar.
| Word | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| (1) propagated | to spread an idea or belief widely, or to grow new plants (nations start programmes and do not propagate them) | The leaders propagated the message of peace. |
| (2) embarked | to begin something new, but it needs the preposition "on", as in embarked on programmes (without "on" the sentence is wrong) | She embarked on a new career in teaching. |
| (3) initiated (answer) | started or begun (it takes its object directly, as in initiated programmes) | The government initiated a scheme to clean the river. |
| (4) suspended | stopped for a time (programmes already stopped would not run into barriers that delay them) | Train services were suspended because of the floods. |
| Also asked in CUET (UG): propagate – 20-05-2025 Slot 1 |