Which forest also known as the 'lungs of the planet earth' ?

Amazon rain forest

The correct answer is Option (1) - Amazon rain forest

The Amazon rainforest, often referred to as the "lungs of the planet" due to its immense size and importance in maintaining global oxygen levels, is facing significant challenges. The Amazon rain forest (it is so huge that it is called the ‘lungs of the planet’) harbouring probably millions of species is being cut and cleared for cultivating soya beans or for conversion to grasslands for raising beef cattle.  This widespread destruction of the rainforest is jeopardizing the habitat of countless species.

Moreover, the degradation of habitats due to pollution poses an additional threat to the survival of many species within the Amazon rainforest. Large-scale fragmentation of habitats, a consequence of various human activities, has particularly dire consequences for mammals, birds requiring extensive territories, and animals with migratory patterns. These factors have contributed to population declines among these species.

In summary, the Amazon rainforest, with its incredible biodiversity, is under severe pressure from deforestation, land conversion, and pollution, leading to the fragmentation of habitats and threatening the survival of numerous species.