Which of the following pairs of a ground of complaint under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 and an example is correctly matched?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Overcharging of price – A restaurant charges Rs 30 for a bottle of water with a printed MRP of Rs 20
Option (1) Overcharging of price – A restaurant charges Rs 30 for a bottle of water with a printed MRP of Rs 20 — Correct. Overcharging means charging a product above its Maximum Retail Price. Rs 30 for water with a printed MRP of Rs 20 is overcharging, so a complaint can be made.
Option (2) Deficiency in services – A new mixer grinder stops working two days after it is bought — Incorrect. A mixer grinder is goods. A fault in goods is a defect in goods.
Option (3) Defect in goods – An airline cancels a flight without informing the passengers — Incorrect. A flight is a service. Cancelling it without telling the passengers is a deficiency in services.
Option (4) Restrictive trade practice – A toy has small loose parts that can choke a child — Incorrect. A restrictive trade practice manipulates price or the flow of supplies. A toy that can choke a child is goods injurious to life and safety.
Defect and deficiency look alike: a defect is a fault in goods, while a deficiency is a fault in a service.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Importance of Consumer Protection … 7. Overcharging a product, i.e., charging a product above its Maximum Retail Price.” “Terms & Definitions 1. Complaint: Any allegation in writing made by the complainant for obtaining relief w.r.t restrictive trade practice, defect in goods or deficiency in services provided, overcharging of price or offer of goods or service injurious to life and safety.” “Terms & Definitions … 5. Restrictive trade practice: A trade practice which manipulates price or affect the flow of supplies in the market relating to goods and services in such a manner that an unjustified cost is imposed on the consumer.” |