Read the following passage and answer the question.

XYZ Ltd. is a large company engaged in assembly of room-heaters. Recently the company had conducted the various studies and concluded that on an average a worker can assemble 25 room heaters in a day. The target volume of the company in a day is assembling of 2,500 units of room-heaters. However, the assembly of room heaters per day is 2,000 units only. To find out the reason, the company compared actual performance of each worker and observed that some of the workers were busy in gossiping. The company decided to keep a close check on the activities of the workers to minimise the dishonest and unethical behaviour as the part of workers.

Identify the function of management that is discussed in the given passage.

Controlling

The correct answer is option 4- Controlling.

The function of management discussed in the given passage is controlling.

Monitoring Performance: The company identifies that actual performance (2,000 room heaters assembled per day) is below the target (2,500 room heaters per day).
Analyzing Deviations: The company compares the actual performance of each worker and discovers that some workers are engaged in gossiping rather than working efficiently.
Taking Corrective Actions: To address the issue, the company decides to monitor workers more closely to reduce dishonest and unethical behavior.

This process of evaluating performance, identifying deviations, and taking corrective actions to ensure standards are met is a core aspect of the controlling function in management.