Assertion: Technology indicates the level of cultural development of society.
Reasoning: Human beings were able to develop technology after they developed better understanding of natural laws.

Both Assertion (A) and reasoning (R) are correct and but R is not the correct explanation of A.

The correct answer is Option 2: Both Assertion (A) and reasoning (R) are correct and but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Technology indicates the level of cultural development of society. Human beings were able to develop technology after they developed better understanding of natural laws. For example, the understanding of concepts of friction and heat helped us discover fire. Similarly, understanding of the secrets of DNA and genetics enabled us to conquer many diseases. We use the laws of aerodynamics to develop faster planes.

Explanation:

• Assertion (A) is correct ✅:

  • Technology reflects the level of cultural development because as societies advance, they develop more sophisticated tools, infrastructure, and scientific knowledge.
  • More advanced societies typically have better healthcare, education, and industries, all of which depend on technology.

• Reasoning (R) is also correct ✅:

  • Human beings developed technology as their understanding of natural laws improved (e.g., learning about gravity led to better architecture, understanding combustion led to engines).
  • Scientific discoveries have always preceded major technological advancements.

• Why R does NOT fully explain A? ❌

  • R focuses on how technology develops (i.e., through understanding natural laws).
  • A is about how technology reflects cultural development, which is a broader concept.
  • Cultural development includes social structures, traditions, education, and values, which are not directly explained by R.