Which term is used to indicate the difference between standard performance and actual performance?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Deviation
Option (1) Exception — Incorrect. Under management by exception, only significant deviations beyond the permissible limit are brought to management. The term names this way of handling deviations.
Option (2) Deviation — Correct. Comparing actual performance with the standard reveals the deviation, the gap between actual and desired results.
Option (3) Benchmark — Incorrect. A benchmark is the standard itself. Standards serve as benchmarks that an organisation strives to reach.
Option (4) Critical point — Incorrect. Critical points are the key result areas on which the success of an organisation depends. Control should focus on them.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition):
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