Match List-I and List-II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

(A)-(IV), (B)-(III),(C)-(I),(D)-(II)

The correct answer is option (3) : (A)-(IV), (B)-(III),(C)-(I),(D)-(II)

(A) Time study - (IV) Determining standard time taken for performing a well defined. It determines the standard time taken to perform a well-defined job. Time-measuring devices are used for each element of task. The standard time is fixed for the whole of the task by taking several readings. The method of time study will depend upon the volume and frequency of the task, the cycle time of the operation and time measurement costs. The objective of the time study is to determine the number of workers to be employed; frame suitable incentive schemes and determine labour costs.

(B) Motion study - (III) Study of various movements. Motion study refers to the study of movements like lifting, putting objects, sitting and changing positions, etc., which are undertaken while doing a typical job. Unnecessary movements are sought to be eliminated so that it takes less time to complete the job efficiently. For example, Taylor and his associate Frank Gailberth were able to reduce motions in brick layering from 18 to just 5. Taylor demonstrated that productivity increased about four times by this process.

(C) Fatigue study - (I) Amount and frequency of rest intervals to complete a task. A person is bound to feel tired physically and mentally if she/he does not rest while working. The rest intervals will help one to regain stamina and work again with the same capacity. This will result in increased productivity. Fatigue study seeks to determine the amount and frequency of rest intervals in completing a task.

(D) Differential piece wage system - (II) Different wage rate for efficient and inefficient workers. Taylor was a strong advocate of piece wage system. He wanted to differentiate between efficient and inefficient workers. The standard time and other parameters should be determined on the basis of the work-study discussed above. The workers can then be classified as efficient or inefficient on the basis of these standards. He wanted to reward efficient workers. So he introduced different rates of wage payment for those who performed above standard and for those who performed below standard.