Which one of the following regions represents biodiversity hotspot?

The correct answer is Option (2) → Western Ghats

A biodiversity hotspot is a natural region with a very high number of species and many endemic species, that is, species found nowhere else. The world now has 34 hotspots. Three of them cover India’s richest regions: the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma, and the Himalaya.

(1) Zoological parks — Incorrect. A zoo keeps animals outside their natural home. It is a method of ex situ conservation, not a natural region.

(2) Western Ghats — Correct. It is one of the three hotspots that cover India.

(3) Botanical Gardens — Incorrect. Plants are grown here outside their natural home. This is also ex situ conservation.

(4) Wildlife safari parks — Incorrect. These are man-made places for keeping animals. They are also a form of ex situ conservation.

NCERT Extract:
How Do We Conserve Biodiversity? – “… Initially 25 biodiversity hotspots were identified but subsequently nine more have been added to the list, bringing the total number of biodiversity hotspots in the world to 34. These hotspots are also regions of accelerated habitat loss. Three of these hotspots – Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Himalaya – cover our country’s exceptionally high biodiversity regions.”