Which one of the following statements does not capture the essence of ‘cooperative security’?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → It may involve the use of force as the first choice.
Option (1) Cooperation may be bilateral, regional, continental, or global. Part of its essence (Incorrect). Cooperation can take place at any of these levels.
Option (2) It involves non-governmental organisations, businesses and corporations, and great personalities. Part of its essence (Incorrect). Besides international organisations, such players also take part in cooperative security.
Option (3) It may involve the use of force as the first choice. Not its essence (Correct). Cooperative security may involve the use of force only as a last resort, for example against governments that kill their own people; force is never its first choice.
Option (4) It depends on the nature of the threat and the willingness and ability of countries to respond. Part of its essence (Incorrect). The form of cooperation depends on these.
Note: NTA changed ‘last resort’ to ‘first choice’ and turned the book’s line upside down. Two words can make a true line false, so check the end of every option too.
NCERT (2025-26): “Cooperative Security … Far more effective is to devise strategies that involve international cooperation. Cooperation may be bilateral (i.e. between any two countries), regional, continental, or global. It would all depend on the nature of the threat and the willingness and ability of countries to respond. Cooperative security may also involve a variety of other players, both international and national—international organisations (the UN, the World Health Organisation, the World Bank, the IMF etc.), non-governmental organisations (Amnesty International, the Red Cross, private foundations and charities, religious organisations, trade unions, associations, social and development organisations), businesses and corporations, and great personalities (e.g. Mother Teresa, Nelson Mandela). Cooperative security may involve the use of force as a last resort. The international community may have to sanction the use of force to deal with governments that kill their own people or ignore the misery of their populations who are devastated by poverty, disease and catastrophe.…” |