Which one of the following theories attempted to explain the origin of universe?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Big Bang theory
(1) Theory of natural selection — Incorrect. This is Darwin’s idea of how living forms change, because those best suited to their surroundings leave more offspring. It does not deal with the origin of the universe.
(2) Adaptive radiation — Incorrect. This is the evolution of many different species from one starting point in a region, as in Darwin’s finches.
(3) Big Bang theory — Correct. It says that the universe began with one huge explosion. The universe then expanded and cooled. Hydrogen and helium formed, and later the gases gathered under gravity to form galaxies.
(4) Founder effect — Incorrect. This is a type of genetic drift. A small group of individuals starts a new population, and its gene pool differs from that of the original population.
NCERT Extract:
Origin of Life – “… Huge clusters of galaxies comprise the universe. Galaxies contain stars and clouds of gas and dust. Considering the size of universe, earth is indeed a speck. The Big Bang theory attempts to explain to us the origin of universe. It talks of a singular huge explosion unimaginable in physical terms.”