Match the LIST-I with LIST-II.
| LIST-I property/ law | LIST-II related to | ||
| A. | Maximum boiling azeotrope | I. | amount of solute dissolved in solvent. |
| B. | Osmotic pressure | II. | solubility of CO2 in water under high pressure. |
| C. | Concentration | III. | large negative deviation from Raoult’s law. |
| D. | Henry’s Law | IV. | determination of molar mass of polymers. |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
Each property or law in List-I is linked to one typical behaviour or use of solutions:
(A) Maximum boiling azeotrope — This matches (III) large negative deviation from Raoult’s law. Stronger A–B attractions lower the vapour pressure, so at a certain composition the mixture boils at a temperature higher than either component, e.g. about 68% nitric acid and 32% water (boiling point 393.5 K).
(B) Osmotic pressure — This matches (IV) determination of molar mass of polymers. Osmotic pressure is large even for very dilute solutions and is measured at room temperature, so it suits polymers and proteins, which are poorly soluble and unstable on heating.
\( \displaystyle \pi=CRT\quad\Rightarrow\quad M_2=\frac{w_2RT}{\pi V} \)
(C) Concentration — This matches (I) amount of solute dissolved in solvent. Concentration (molarity, molality, mole fraction and so on) expresses how much solute is present in a given amount of solvent or solution.
(D) Henry’s Law — This matches (II) solubility of CO2 in water under high pressure. The solubility of a gas rises with its pressure, so soft drinks and soda water are bottled under high \( \ce{CO2} \) pressure.
\( \displaystyle p=K_H\,x \)
Shortcut: The pair (B)–(IV) appears only in Option (4).