Match List-I with List-II
| LIST-I | LIST-II |
|---|---|
| Scientists | Contributions |
| (A) Von Baer | (I) Chemical evolution |
| (B) Miller | (II) Saltation |
| (C) Darwin | (III) Embryological support for evolution |
| (D) de Vries | (IV) Natural selection |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
(A) Von Baer — this matches (III) Embryological support for evolution. Karl Ernst von Baer studied the embryos of vertebrates. He showed that embryos never pass through the adult stages of other animals. His work belongs to the embryological evidence of evolution.
(B) Miller — this matches (I) Chemical evolution. In 1953, S.L. Miller passed electric discharge through CH4, H2, NH3 and water vapour in a closed flask and got amino acids. This supported the idea that simple inorganic molecules first formed organic molecules.
(C) Darwin — this matches (IV) Natural selection. Darwin said that individuals with useful variations survive and leave more offspring, so nature selects the fittest.
(D) de Vries — this matches (II) Saltation. Working on the evening primrose, Hugo de Vries said that large mutations cause new species in a single step. He called this saltation.
Note: NCERT says that the embryological support for evolution was proposed by Ernst Haeckel, from features common to the embryos of all vertebrates. Karl Ernst von Baer studied the same embryos and disapproved Haeckel’s proposal. The question links von Baer with the topic of his work, embryology. Among the options, only Option (1) gives the right pairs for Miller, Darwin and de Vries, so the answer is not affected.