Management can be said to be an Art because:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → A successful manager practices the art of management in the day-to-day job of managing an enterprise based on study, observation and experience.
Option (1) Management has its own theory and principles that have developed over a period of time, but it also draws on other disciplines such as Economics, Sociology, Psychology and Mathematics. — Incorrect. A systematised body of knowledge is a feature of management as a science.
Option (2) Management principles have universal validity and application. — Incorrect. Universal validity is a feature of a science. Management principles are in fact only partly universal, since they must be adapted to each situation.
Option (3) Its principles are based on a cause and effect relationship. — Incorrect. Principles based on cause and effect, found by experiment, are a feature of a science.
Option (4) A successful manager practices the art of management in the day-to-day job of managing an enterprise based on study, observation and experience. — Correct. This is the personal skill side of management. Two managers who know the same theory still manage in their own ways, as an artist does.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Management as an Art … Management can be said to be an art since it satisfies the following criteria: (i) A successful manager practices the art of management in the day-to-day job of managing an enterprise based on study, observation and experience. There is a lot of literature available in various areas of management like marketing, finance and human resources which the manager has to specialise in. There is existence of theoretical knowledge.” |