Foetal ejection reflex is responsible for the release of hormone:

The correct answer is Option (3) → Oxytocin

Parturition (childbirth) is brought about by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism. The signals come from the fully developed foetus and the placenta. They cause mild contractions of the uterus, called the foetal ejection reflex. This reflex makes the mother’s pituitary release oxytocin. Oxytocin makes the uterine muscles contract more strongly, which releases still more oxytocin, until the baby is pushed out.

(1) Progesterone — Incorrect. Progesterone keeps the uterus quiet and maintains pregnancy. It is not released by the foetal ejection reflex.

(2) Testosterone — Incorrect. Testosterone is a male hormone (an androgen) made by the Leydig cells of the testis.

(3) Oxytocin — Correct. The foetal ejection reflex triggers the release of oxytocin from the maternal pituitary.

(4) Estrogen — Incorrect. Estrogens are made by the growing follicles and the placenta. The foetal ejection reflex does not release them.

Note: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2023 on 31-05-2023 (Slot 3).

NCERT Extract:
Parturition and Lactation –