Match List I with List II

 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

The correct answer is Option (2) -A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

Down's syndrome, Turner's syndrome, and Klinefelter's syndrome are well-known examples of chromosomal disorders.

Down's Syndrome: This genetic disorder is characterized by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome number 21, a condition known as trisomy 21. It was first described by Langdon Down in 1866. Individuals with Down's syndrome typically exhibit short stature, a small round head, a furrowed tongue, and a partially open mouth. They often have broad palms with a characteristic palm crease. Physical, psychomotor, and mental development is usually delayed in individuals with Down's syndrome.

Thalassemia : This is also an autosome-linked recessive blood disease transmitted from parents to the offspring when both the partners are unaffected carrier for the gene (or heterozygous).

Klinefelter's Syndrome: This genetic disorder results from an additional copy of the X chromosome, leading to a karyotype of 47, XXY. Affected individuals generally undergo masculine development; however, they may also exhibit some feminine traits, such as the development of breast tissue (gynecomastia). Individuals with Klinefelter's syndrome are typically sterile.

Turner's Syndrome: This disorder occurs due to the absence of one of the X chromosomes, resulting in a karyotype of 45, X0. Females with Turner's syndrome are typically sterile, as their ovaries are underdeveloped. Additionally, they often lack other secondary sexual characteristics.