Magnetite is the ore of which metal?

Iron

The correct answer is option 2. Iron.

Let us dive into the details about magnetite and its significance as an ore of iron.

Magnetite

Formula: Fe₃O₄

Structure: Magnetite has a spinel crystal structure, where iron ions are present in both +2 and +3 oxidation states.

Appearance: It is a black, metallic mineral known for its magnetic properties.

Magnetism: It is one of the few naturally occurring magnetic minerals, making it useful in various applications requiring magnetic materials.

Formation: Magnetite forms from the cooling of magma in igneous rocks or from the alteration of other iron-bearing minerals. It can also form in metamorphic rocks and sedimentary environments.

Occurrence: It is commonly found in igneous and metamorphic rocks and sometimes in sedimentary deposits. Major deposits of magnetite are located in countries like Australia, Brazil, Russia, and Sweden.

Industrial Use:

Iron Production: Magnetite is a significant ore for extracting iron. It is processed to obtain iron which is then used in steelmaking and other industrial applications.

Magnetic Materials: Its magnetic properties make it useful in various technologies, including magnetic recording materials and electronic devices.

Comparison with Other Metals

1. Zinc:

Primary Ores: Sphalerite (ZnS) and calamine (ZnCO₃).

Processing: Zinc ore is primarily processed through roasting and leaching to obtain zinc metal.

3. Copper:

Primary Ores: Chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂), malachite (Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂), and azurite (Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂).

Processing: Copper is extracted from ores through smelting and refining processes.

4. Aluminium:

Primary Ore: Bauxite (primarily composed of alumina, Al₂O₃).

Processing: Aluminium is obtained from bauxite through the Bayer process, which involves refining bauxite to obtain alumina, and then reducing alumina to aluminium metal using electrolysis.

Conclusion: Magnetite is specifically important as an ore of iron. It is a major source of iron due to its high iron content and is processed extensively in the iron and steel industries. Its magnetic properties also add to its industrial significance, especially in applications requiring magnetic materials.

Thus, the correct answer is 2. Iron.