Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack -

The correct answer is Option (4) → Insects and other arthropods

Baculoviruses are used in biological control of insect pests. Most of those used belong to the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus. They are species-specific, so they kill the target pest and leave other organisms unharmed.

Option (4) Insects and other arthropods — Correct. Their hosts are insects and other arthropods, which is why they are used against insect pests.

Note: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2025 on 13-05-2025 (Slot 2) and on 13-05-2025 (Slot 1), and in CUET (UG) 2023 on 08-06-2023 (Slot 3).

NCERT Extract:
Microbes as Biocontrol Agents – “… Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. The majority of baculoviruses used as biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus. These viruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. They have been shown to have no negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish or even on non-target insects.”