Deserts, rain forests, coral reefs and mangroves are features of ______ diversity.

ecological

The correct answer is Option (4)-ecological

1. Ecological diversity refers to the variety and richness of ecosystems present in a particular area or across the globe. It encompasses various types of habitats, such as deserts, rainforests, coral reefs, mangroves, grasslands, and freshwater systems, each characterized by distinct environmental conditions, species compositions, and ecological processes.
2. Deserts are arid environments characterized by low precipitation and extreme temperatures.
3. Rainforests are dense, lush forests characterized by high rainfall and warm temperatures, supporting an incredibly diverse array of plant and animal species.
4. Coral reefs are diverse marine ecosystems built by colonies of tiny animals called coral polyps. They are known for their high biodiversity and serve as habitats for numerous marine species.
5. Mangroves are coastal ecosystems consisting of salt-tolerant trees and shrubs. They provide important breeding grounds and habitats for various marine and terrestrial species, including fish, birds, and mammals.

While genetic diversity refers to the variety of genes within a species, species diversity refers to the variety of species within a particular area, and cultural diversity pertains to the range of cultural traditions and practices within human societies. Ecological diversity encompasses the variety of ecosystems and habitats found in nature.