Which of the following is an example of agri-business on industrial scale considered as secondary activity?

Tea plantation and processing

The correct answer is Option (3) → Tea plantation and processing.

The other three options are examples of primary activities.

Agri-business is commercial farming on an industrial scale often financed by business whose main interests lie outside agriculture, for example, large corporations in tea plantation business. Agri-business farms are mechanised, large in size, highly structured, reliant on chemicals, and may be described as ‘agro-factories’.

Tea plantations involve large-scale cultivation and processing of tea leaves into products like tea bags, loose tea, and various tea-related products. This processing stage is a secondary activity in the agri-business chain.

Tea Plantation (Primary Activity): The cultivation of tea leaves in tea plantations is considered a primary activity in the agri-business chain. It involves activities such as planting, growing, and harvesting tea bushes. Tea Processing (Secondary Activity): Once the tea leaves are harvested, they undergo various processing steps. These processing activities are considered secondary activities because they involve adding value to the primary product, the tea leaves. The processing of tea leaves typically includes withering, rolling, fermenting, drying, and sorting.