Identify the process that synchronises all the functions of management together so that organisational goals are achieved.

Coordination

The correct answer is option (2)- Coordination.

Coordination involves synchronisation of the different actions or efforts of the various units of an organisation. Coordination unifies unrelated or diverse interests into purposeful work activity. It gives a common focus to group effort to ensure that performance is as it was planned and scheduled. The purpose of coordination is to secure unity of action in the realisation of a common purpose. It acts as the binding force between departments and ensures that all action is aimed at achieving the goals of the organisation. Coordination is the essence of management. It is the process of achieving unity of action among interdependent activities and departments of an organisation.

OTHER OPTIONS

• Staffing- Staffing is the function of management that involves recruiting, selecting, training, and retaining employees. It focuses on ensuring that the organization has the right people with the necessary skills and qualifications to perform their roles effectively. Middle-level and lower-level managers are typically more involved in the day-to-day aspects of staffing, including hiring and personnel management.

• Organizing- Organizing is the function of management that involves arranging resources, tasks, and people to achieve organizational goals. It includes designing the organizational structure, defining roles and responsibilities, establishing communication channels, and coordinating activities. Middle-level managers often play a significant role in organizing, ensuring that the work is structured effectively to achieve the objectives set by top-level managers.

• Cooperation refers to the process of working together with others to achieve a common goal or objective. It involves individuals or groups combining their efforts, skills, resources, or knowledge to achieve something that would be difficult or impossible to accomplish alone.