Choose the correct statements:(A) A nuclide is represented as _A^ZX (…

The correct answer is Option (3) → (B), (C) and (D) only

A nuclide is a nucleus with a given atomic number \( Z \) (number of protons) and mass number \( A \) (number of protons plus neutrons); it has \( N = A - Z \) neutrons.

(A) A nuclide is represented as \( {}_{A}^{Z}X \) — Incorrect. The standard notation is \( {}_{Z}^{A}X \): the mass number is written above and the atomic number below.

(B) Nuclids with same number of protons are called isotopes — Correct. Isotopes have the same \( Z \) but different \( A \), so they are the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

(C) \( \alpha \)-ray scattering experiments allow determination of the nuclear radius — Correct. Scattering of alpha particles showed that the radius of a nucleus is about \( 10^{4} \) times smaller than that of an atom.

(D) Nuclids with same number of neutrons are called isotones — Correct. Isotones have the same \( N = A - Z \), for example \( {}_{80}^{198}\mathrm{Hg} \) and \( {}_{79}^{197}\mathrm{Au} \), each with 118 neutrons.

(E) The nuclear force distinguishes between neutron and proton — Incorrect. The nuclear force is nearly the same between two protons, two neutrons or a proton and a neutron; it does not depend on charge.

NCERT (2026-27):
Introduction – “… Experiments on scattering of α-particles demonstrated that the radius of a nucleus was smaller than the radius of an atom by a factor of about 10⁴.”

Atomic Masses and Composition of Nucleus – “… Nuclear species or nuclides are shown by the notation \( {}^{A}_{Z}X \) where X is the chemical symbol of the species. … The nuclei of isotopes of a given element contain the same number of protons, but differ from each other in their number of neutrons. … Nuclides with same neutron number N but different atomic number Z, for example \( {}^{198}_{80}\mathrm{Hg} \) and \( {}^{197}_{79}\mathrm{Au} \), are called isotones.”

Nuclear Force – “… The nuclear force does not depend on the electric charge.”