Arab minorities, both Christian and Muslim, were excluded from social, political and economic benefits available to Jewish citizens in which of the following countries?

Israel

The correct answer is Option 4 - Israel

Though Jews faced discrimination for centuries throughout Europe, in the present state of Israel,  Arab minorities, both Christian and Muslims, are excluded from social, political and economic benefits available to Jewish citizens. Subtle forms of discrimination also continue to persist against non-Christians in several parts of Europe. The condition of religious minorities in the neighbouring states of Pakistan and Bangladesh has also generated considerable concern. Such examples remind us of the continuing importance of secularism for people and societies in today’s world.