Statement I: The freezing point of water is depressed by the addition of glucose.

Statement II: Entropy of solution is less than entropy of pure solvent.

Statement I is correct but Statement II is false

The correct answer is option 3. Statement I is correct but Statement II is false.

  Statement I: The freezing point of water is depressed by the addition of glucose.

Freezing Point Depression: When a solute (like glucose) is added to a solvent (like water), the freezing point of the resulting solution is lower than that of the pure solvent. This is known as freezing point depression. The presence of solute particles interferes with the formation of the solid phase (ice) from the liquid phase (water). Solute particles disrupt the orderly structure needed for ice to form, requiring a lower temperature to achieve freezing. Freezing point depression is a colligative property, meaning it depends on the number of solute particles in the solution rather than the specific type of solute. The more solute particles present, the greater the freezing point depression.

Statement II: Entropy of solution is less than entropy of pure solvent.

Entropy (S): Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system. Higher entropy means higher disorder.

Effect of Dissolution: When a solute is dissolved in a solvent, the system generally becomes more disordered because the solute molecules are dispersed throughout the solvent, increasing the overall randomness.

Entropy Change: The dissolution process usually results in an increase in entropy. The mixed solution is more disordered than the pure solvent because the solute molecules add to the disorder.

Correct Relationship Between the Statements

Statement I is correct: The addition of glucose to water does indeed lower the freezing point.

Statement II is false: The entropy of the solution is actually greater than the entropy of the pure solvent because dissolving the solute increases the disorder of the system.

Thus, the correct interpretation is that Statement I is correct because it accurately describes the effect of adding glucose to water, but Statement II is false because it incorrectly describes the change in entropy during the dissolution process.