Read the given passage and answer the following questions:-
Biodiversity, also referred to as biological diversity, is the variety of different species of flora and fauna living on Earth. The richer the biodiversity, the more balanced and harmonious would the environment be. Different variety of plants and animals contribute their bit to make the planet worth inhabiting. One of the main reasons for the survival of human species on Earth is biodiversity. This is because various species of organisms help in meeting their basic needs of food, shelter, clothing and other resources. There are around 300,000 species of flora that have been known to date and numerous species of fauna that includes not only animals but also birds, fish, reptiles, mammals, insects, molluscs, crustaceans, etc.
Our planet Earth was formed close to 4.54 billion years ago and there have been evidences of life since around 3.5 billion years ago. A number of species of both flora and fauna have gone extinct over the past centuries and many more are anticipated to go extinct in the times to come, there by disturbing the level of biodiversity. Human beings have become so driven towards technology over the years that they have forgotten its repercussions. Several new inventions have proven to be hazardous to the environment and are having a negative impact on biodiversity. It is high time humans should start taking the environmental issues seriously and contribute their bit towards improving the atmosphere. A healthy environment is essential for developing rich biodiversity which in turn is essential for the human beings to live in a harmonious state on Earth.
What is essential for developing a rich biodiversity?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → A healthy environment
The last sentence of the passage gives the answer: "A healthy environment is essential for developing rich biodiversity", which in turn helps human beings live in harmony on Earth.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect?
Option 1: A balanced ecosystem — Incorrect. Result, not cause: the passage links balance the other way round: the richer the biodiversity, the more balanced the environment. Balance is shown as a result of biodiversity, not as the thing needed to develop it.
Option 2: Economic growth — Incorrect. Not mentioned: the passage says nothing about economic growth.
Option 4: Urbanization — Incorrect. Not mentioned: the passage says nothing about urbanization (the growth of towns and cities); if anything, the passage warns that human progress is harming biodiversity.