Arrange the following dynasties in a chronological order.

A. Tuluva dynasty
B. Saluva dynasty
C. Aravidu dynasty
D. Sangama dynasty

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

D, B, A, C

The correct answer is Option (4) → D, B, A, C

D. Sangama dynasty
B. Saluva dynasty
A. Tuluva dynasty
C. Aravidu dynasty

Sangama dynasty (D): The Vijayanagara Empire was founded by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I, belonging to the Sangama dynasty, around 1336.

Saluva dynasty (B): After the Sangama dynasty, the Saluva dynasty came to power. Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya, a general in the Vijayanagara Empire, established the Saluva dynasty after the decline of the Sangama dynasty.

Tuluva dynasty (A): Following the Saluva dynasty, the Tuluva dynasty took over. The most famous ruler of the Tuluva dynasty was Krishna Deva Raya, who played a significant role in the expansion and cultural development of the Vijayanagara Empire.

Aravidu dynasty (C): The Aravidu dynasty succeeded the Tuluva dynasty. After the Battle of Talikota in 1565, which resulted in the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire, the Aravidu dynasty continued to rule over a diminished and fragmented Vijayanagara.

Within the polity, claimants to power included members of the ruling lineage as well as military commanders. The first dynasty, known as the Sangama dynasty, exercised control till 1485. They were supplanted by the Saluvas, military commanders, who remained in power till 1503 when they were replaced by the Tuluvas. Krishnadeva Raya belonged to the Tuluva dynasty

Strain began to show within the imperial structure following Krishnadeva Raya’s death in 1529. His successors were troubled by rebellious nayakas or military chiefs. By 1542 control at the centre had shifted to another ruling lineage, that of the Aravidu, which remained in power till the end of the seventeenth century. During this period, as indeed earlier, the military ambitions of the rulers of Vijayanagara as well as those of the Deccan Sultanates resulted in shifting alignments. Eventually this led to an alliance of the Sultanates against Vijayanagara. In 1565 Rama Raya, the chief minister of Vijayanagara, led the army into battle at Rakshasi-Tangadi (also known as Talikota), where his forces were routed by the combined armies of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar and Golconda. The victorious armies sacked the city of Vijayanagara. The city was totally abandoned within a few years. Now the focus of the empire shifted to the east where the Aravidu dynasty ruled from Penukonda and later from Chandragiri (near Tirupati).