Which of the following gas(es) is/are essential for the survival of aquatic animals and plants?

Both Option 1 and Option 3 are correct

The correct answer is option 4. Both Option 1 and Option 3 are correct.

Both Option 1 Oxygen and Option 3 Carbon dioxide are essential gases for the survival of aquatic animals and plants.

Oxygen:  Aquatic organisms depend on dissolved oxygen in water for cellular respiration, the process by which they convert oxygen and nutrients into energy.

Carbon dioxide:  Plants use dissolved carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, the process by which they produce food and release oxygen. Aquatic animals also release carbon dioxide as a waste product of respiration.

These gases constantly cycle between aquatic organisms and the surrounding environment, maintaining a delicate balance for life to thrive.