Branching descent and natural selection are the two key concepts of :

Darwinian Theory of Evolution.

The correct answer is Option (1) – Darwinian Theory of Evolution.

The two key concepts of Darwinian Theory of Evolution are branching descent and natural selection.

Branching descent and natural selection concepts are fundamental to Charles Darwin's explanation of how species evolve over time. Branching descent refers to the idea that new species arise from ancestral forms through a process of modification and diversification. Natural selection, on the other hand, explains how advantageous traits that confer better adaptation to the environment tend to become more common in a population over generations, while less advantageous traits may become less frequent or disappear.